昌化鸡血石的种类 Types of Changhua bloodstone

昌花鸡血石有老坑、新坑产出之分。康山岭以东，核桃岭以西的中心区域和红硐岩一带的玉岩山为老坑；康山岭以西至灰石岭一带为新坑。老坑鸡血石血色鲜活，质地清润透澈，细腻有油润。新坑色彩虽有些不够鲜艳，但新坑中有老坑，老坑中也有新坑。
昌化鸡血石品种根据地质学和工艺学二个方面为依据划分。依照鸡血石的质地成分、透明度、光泽度和硬度等因素划分，可分为冻地、软地、刚地和硬地四大类。
（一） 冻地鸡血石：质地颜色分单冻和杂色冻两类，成分是地开石、高龄石，强蜡状光泽，微透明或半透明，硬度2-3级。单色冻常见的有：白、乌、黄等，名称有：羊脂冻、玻璃冻、牛角冻、桃花冻等。杂色冻是多色伴生。
（二） 软地鸡血石：质地成份为高岭石、地开石、明矾石，硬度仅次于冻地，弱到中等蜡状光泽，微透明或不透明 ，硬度2-4级。单色有白、黑、黄、灰、紫等。石质细腻无杂为佳，杂色并有砂钉、活筋者次之。
（三） 刚地鸡血石：俗称“刚板”，成分是高岭石、明矾石岩经后期硅化的产物，刚地玉质感强。弱点是受热、受震后容易产生碎裂。软刚板（弱硅化）硬度为3-4级，微透明。硬刚板（强硅化）硬度为5-7级，微透明或不透明。
（四） 硬地鸡血石：老坑、新坑均有出产，是成矿过程中硅化作用的产物，地质学名为含辰砂硅化凝灰岩或含辰砂硅质岩，主要成份为SiO2，硬度大于7级。血鲜艳不易退色，有冻皮者较佳。
昌化鸡血石除具有红色“鸡血”以外，底色尚有黑、白、黄、绿、蓝、灰褐、紫、青等基本颜色，再加上浓淡深浅不一的各种色彩相互融合，天然浑成，不须 人工雕凿，已经构成一幅幅自然美丽的图案，色彩绚丽，变化万千。除此之外昌化鸡血石石质中，还具有“细、红、润、腻、温、凝”之六德。
鸡血石的品质高低，还要按血色的多少及形态、鲜艳度的不同而分。血色有鲜红、正红、深红、浅红、紫红等多种，鸡血的形状有块红、条红、星红、霞红 等。一般以血多，色鲜、形美为最佳；血质以深沉有厚度感、血有集结或斑布均衡为佳。血量少于10%者为一般，少于30%者为中档，大于50%者为珍 品，70%以上者十分珍贵。全红为上，大红袍、全血或六面血为极品。

根据鸡血石的质地与血色状况可分为如下各品种：大红袍、玻璃冻、田黄冻、羊脂冻、牛角冻、朱砂冻、藕粉冻、五彩冻、桃红冻、豆青冻、玛瑙冻、木纹冻、鱼子冻、鱼脑冻、雪花冻、蛇皮冻等及软地花纹奇石鸡血和刚地、硬地鸡血石。

Changhua bloodstone has heliotrope flower old pit, the new pit output points. Kang Shanling east, the west central area of ​​Walnut Ridge cave and red jade rock to rock along the old crater; 康山岭 Grey Stone Mountain area to the west of the new pit. Old crater Bloodstone Scarlet fresh, moist texture and opacity, delicate oily. Although the new pit some of the less bright colors, but there is the new pit old crater, also has a new pit old crater.

Bloodstone varieties based on geology and technology division is based on two aspects. In accordance with the texture component soapstone, transparency, gloss and hardness and other factors can be divided into frozen ground, soft ground, to just four categories and hard.

(A) frozen ground soapstone: texture, color and variegated points IQF frozen categories, ingredients are dickite, kaolinite, strong waxy luster, slightly transparent or translucent, hardness 2-3. Monochrome frozen common are: white, black, yellow and other names are: suet cold, frozen glass, horns frozen, frozen peach and so on. Variegated frozen multicolor associated.

(B) soft ground soapstone: texture ingredients of kaolinite, dickite, alunite, hardness only frozen ground, weak to moderate waxy luster, slightly transparent or opaque, hardness grade 2-4. Color white, black, yellow, gray, purple and so on. Delicate stone no miscellaneous better, and there are variegated sand nails, tendons live those times.

(C) just to Bloodstone: commonly known as "just board" component is the product of kaolinite, alum Shiyan by late silicification, just to feel strong jade. Weakness is heat, prone to fragmentation after by the earthquake. Soft Rigid board (weak silicification) hardness 3-4, slightly transparent. Just hard plate (strong silicification) hardness level 5-7, slightly transparent or opaque.

(Iv) hard Bloodstone: old crater, new pit has produced, is the product of the process of mineralization of silicification, silicified tuff geology named or containing cinnabar cinnabar containing chert, the main ingredients of SiO2, hardness greater than 7 . Blood bright easy to fade, there are those who preferred frozen skin.

Bloodstone in addition to a red "chicken" outside, there are background black, white, yellow, green, blue, gray brown, purple, blue and other basic colors, coupled with a variety of color shades shades merging, natural muddy, do not need artificial carving, depicting the natural beauty has constituted a pattern, colorful, ever changing. In addition to the stone Bloodstone, also has a "fine, red, run, tired, warm, condensate" of six German.

Bloodstone level of quality, but also according to the number and shape of color, vividness and different points. Bright red color, is red, dark red, light red, purple and other kinds of chicken shape blocks of red, red stripe, red star, Xia red. Generally blood, fresh color, shape the United States is the best; sanguine with deep sense of thickness, blood spots or cloth has assembled a balanced better. Blood less than 10% were general, less than 30% by mid-range, more than 50% of those treasures, more than 70% were very precious. Full red upper, Dahongpao, whole blood or blood for the best six sides.

Texture and color according to the status of soapstone can be divided into the following varieties: Dahongpao, glass cold, frozen Tianhuang, suet cold, horns frozen, frozen cinnabar, lotus root starch jelly, multicolored frozen, frozen peach, frozen green beans, frozen agate, wood Wen frozen, frozen roe, fish brain freeze, frozen snow, and other frozen snakeskin pattern rocks and soft ground chicken and just, the hard soapstone.