壽山石的名稱據說是因原始產地福建省福州市壽山鄉而得名。
壽山石在化學分析下，有高嶺石、葉臘石、地開石...等許多不同的礦物組合礦石，有時又會含有不同含量的雲母、珍珠陶石而出現美麗的外觀。
石脈紋
在寶石學的研究，壽山石是屬於集合結晶體類的多晶質的一種，在寶石顯微鏡下，用光纖燈晃動照明觀察，有部份的壽山石會具有其特定的石脈紋，因為極似蘿蔔的絲狀紋路，有人就稱為蘿蔔絲，但並非所有的壽山石都具有此種紋路。
顏色
壽山石既然是屬於集合結晶體類，其顏色的變化程度，就端視其含有的結晶與致色元素，而出現多樣的變化，一般壽山石的顏色有，白色、灰色、黃色、紅色與黑色，大部份在玩石收藏市場上的壽山石顏色，是由淡黃色到較深的褐黃色，一般在金黃色與鮮紅的色調，是被認定為較受到大眾的喜愛，其市場價格也相對較高。
透明度
除了顏色以外，比較特殊的是壽山石的透明度變
化，許多壽山石在地層下成長蘊變時，因為本質的化學成分不同，以及接受的溫度、壓力與溼度不同，同一塊出土的壽山石，在不同的位置，經常會出現不同的透明程度，一般而言，透明度愈高，達到一定透光的程度，就會被稱為凍，這就會大大提升該壽山石的品質。
田黃石的定義
田黃石則是屬於壽山石的種類之ㄧ，市場上對田黃石的定義繁多，有紅色的紅田石、有黑色的黑田石，也有人定義田黃石必須具有一定的蘿蔔絲紋路...等，各路學說均有。
在寶石學所定義的田黃石，就是要先確認壽山石的身分，在確認其顏色的金黃色調程度、在光纖燈照射下，透明度為透光至半透明的程度時，就會在鑑定證書上以田黃石的種類開具，至於有沒有蘿蔔絲，則不會被包涵在定義的考量範圍中。
田黃石的產量不多，外觀美麗無比，加上高級的雕刻藝術，在市場上的價值不斐。
造假的壽山石與人工處理的方法
壽山石的硬度不高，一般石英類或鐵器就能輕易刮蝕，早期許多雕刻藝術師非常喜好用壽山石來雕刻成品，成為美麗的擺飾石種 ，而且每一塊出土的壽山石，顏色分佈與透明度都不一樣，塊塊都具有獨一性，非常作為送禮或收藏的物件。而且中國的許多傳統印章石材， 也是使用壽山石。
在雕刻壽山石時，經常因部份石材的完整性不夠，許多人使用強化的樹旨來黏補，由於科技的進步，現今的填補技術，很難由肉眼就能觀察出來。許多時候，由專業的師傅在填補處施以花紋工藝，或加以著色處理，就 成為一塊美麗的擺飾石。
但經過人工填補或著色的壽山石，時間一久就會呈現腿色或裂紋的現象， 尤其在擺設位置，經年累月用強光照射，更是加速樹旨亀裂的主要殺手，所以在選購壽山石或田黃石，對於這點要特別注意。
Shoushan Stone's name Shoushan stone is said to be due to the original name, Fuzhou, Fujian origin Shou Shan named.
Shoushan stone in chemical analysis, kaolinite, pyrophyllite, dickite ... and so many different combinations of mineral ores, and sometimes will contain different amounts of mica, pearl stone and pottery appear beautiful outward appearance. Veined stone
In the study of gemology, Shoushan stone is part of polycrystalline a collection of crystal class under gem microscope, with fiber optic lights shaking lighting observations, some of Shoushan stone will have its specific stone veins, because mimicking radish filamentous lines, someone called radish, but not all of the Shoushan stone has such lines. Color
Shoushan stone since it is part of a collection of crystal class, the extent of the color change, it depends which contains crystals and coloring element, the emergence of a variety of changes, general Shoushan stone colors, white, gray, yellow, red and black, most copies on playing rock collection market Shoushan stone color is from light yellow to deep brown-yellow, usually with red golden hue, is identified as representing adored by the masses, its market price is relatively high. Transparency
In addition to color, transparency rather special variant Shoushan Stone
Of many of Shoushan stone at formation growth Yun varying because of different chemical composition nature and acceptance of temperature, pressure and humidity is different, the same piece of unearthed Shoushan stone, in different locations, often appear different level of transparency, general and words, higher transparency, to a certain extent transparent, it will be called frozen, which will greatly enhance the quality of the Shoushan stone. The definition of Yellowstone
Yellowstone is part of ㄧ types of Shoushan stone, the definition of the market for many Yellowstone, red field with a red stone, with black stone Kuroda, it was also defined Yellowstone radish must have some lines ... and so on, and the brightest doctrines are.
In Yellowstone defined gemology, Shoushan stone is the first to confirm the identity, in confirming the extent of the golden hue of its color, in fiber optic light irradiation, transparency transparent to translucent extent, it will on the certificate of authenticity to Yellowstone species issue, as there is no radish, it will not be a consideration in the definition of bear range.
Yellowstone yield much, very beautiful appearance, coupled with advanced sculpture, valued in the market is not Fiji. Shoushan stone and artificial method of handling fraud
Hardness Shoushan stone is not high, usually quartz class or iron can easily scrape eclipse, many early sculpture art teacher is very like to use Shoushan stone to carve the finished product, to become beautiful ornaments stone types, and each piece unearthed Shoushan stone, color distribution and transparency are not the same, departments and regions have unique properties, as a gift or a collection of very object. And many of the traditional Chinese seal stone, but also the use of Shoushan stone.
Shoushan stone carving at the time, often because of the integrity of the part of the stone is not enough, many people use the tree aims to strengthen the sticky patch, due to advances in technology, today's filling technology, it can be observed by the naked eye is difficult. In many cases, imposed by a professional chef at the pattern in filling process, or be coloring treatment, it becomes a beautiful decoration stone.
But after artificial fill or colored Shoushan Stone, a long time will be showing color phenomenon leg or cracks, especially in the display position, long years with a bright light, but also accelerate the major killer of trees aimed tortoise crack, so in the purchase of Shoushan stone or Yellowstone, Pay particular attention to this point. ...
Shoushan stone in chemical analysis, kaolinite, pyrophyllite, dickite ... and so many different combinations of mineral ores, and sometimes will contain different amounts of mica, pearl stone and pottery appear beautiful outward appearance. Veined stone
In the study of gemology, Shoushan stone is part of polycrystalline a collection of crystal class under gem microscope, with fiber optic lights shaking lighting observations, some of Shoushan stone will have its specific stone veins, because mimicking radish filamentous lines, someone called radish, but not all of the Shoushan stone has such lines. Color
Shoushan stone since it is part of a collection of crystal class, the extent of the color change, it depends which contains crystals and coloring element, the emergence of a variety of changes, general Shoushan stone colors, white, gray, yellow, red and black, most copies on playing rock collection market Shoushan stone color is from light yellow to deep brown-yellow, usually with red golden hue, is identified as representing adored by the masses, its market price is relatively high. Transparency
In addition to color, transparency rather special variant Shoushan Stone
Of many of Shoushan stone at formation growth Yun varying because of different chemical composition nature and acceptance of temperature, pressure and humidity is different, the same piece of unearthed Shoushan stone, in different locations, often appear different level of transparency, general and words, higher transparency, to a certain extent transparent, it will be called frozen, which will greatly enhance the quality of the Shoushan stone. The definition of Yellowstone
Yellowstone is part of ㄧ types of Shoushan stone, the definition of the market for many Yellowstone, red field with a red stone, with black stone Kuroda, it was also defined Yellowstone radish must have some lines ... and so on, and the brightest doctrines are.
In Yellowstone defined gemology, Shoushan stone is the first to confirm the identity, in confirming the extent of the golden hue of its color, in fiber optic light irradiation, transparency transparent to translucent extent, it will on the certificate of authenticity to Yellowstone species issue, as there is no radish, it will not be a consideration in the definition of bear range.
Yellowstone yield much, very beautiful appearance, coupled with advanced sculpture, valued in the market is not Fiji. Shoushan stone and artificial method of handling fraud
Hardness Shoushan stone is not high, usually quartz class or iron can easily scrape eclipse, many early sculpture art teacher is very like to use Shoushan stone to carve the finished product, to become beautiful ornaments stone types, and each piece unearthed Shoushan stone, color distribution and transparency are not the same, departments and regions have unique properties, as a gift or a collection of very object. And many of the traditional Chinese seal stone, but also the use of Shoushan stone.
Shoushan stone carving at the time, often because of the integrity of the part of the stone is not enough, many people use the tree aims to strengthen the sticky patch, due to advances in technology, today's filling technology, it can be observed by the naked eye is difficult. In many cases, imposed by a professional chef at the pattern in filling process, or be coloring treatment, it becomes a beautiful decoration stone.
But after artificial fill or colored Shoushan Stone, a long time will be showing color phenomenon leg or cracks, especially in the display position, long years with a bright light, but also accelerate the major killer of trees aimed tortoise crack, so in the purchase of Shoushan stone or Yellowstone, Pay particular attention to this point. ...
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