雞血石之七(Chicken blood stone example 7)

鸡血石的鉴别

由于鸡血石资源日趋枯竭，产量越来越少，价格日益上涨。在高额利润的驱使下，鸡血石的处理及仿制相继出现，常见的处理方法如下：
充填处理是用胶或树脂将红色颜料或辰砂粉填充于裂隙或凹坑中，干燥后涂上一层树脂。
表面呈蜡状或油脂光泽，热针可熔，可见“血”颜色单一，多沿裂隙或凹坑分布，染料颗粒无定形，浮于胶中。
覆膜处理是用辰砂粉或红色颜料与胶混合，涂于表层以增加“血”色。可见“血”色飘浮于透明层中，偶见涂刷痕迹。
拼接、镶嵌处理是将有血的鸡血石薄片用胶水拼接、镶嵌在鸡血石无血部位，并做雕刻或抛光。这种鸡血石质地花纹和血形分布走向不自然、不连续，仔细观察可见结合部的拼接、镶嵌痕迹。
仿鸡血石是用人工合成械料或无色的鸡血石粉末，加上辰砂粉或红色颜料胶合压制而成。
其鉴别方法是仔细观察结构特征，如地颜色申调。几乎不透明。血形分布异常。密度特征也不同，触摸有温感等等。

据考证，鸡血石的开采始于宋代，而盛名于清代，康熙、乾隆、嘉庆等皇帝十分赏识昌化鸡血石，将其作为宝玺的章料。国家邮政局日前发行的一套《鸡血石印》特种邮票印的就是两方宝玺。 　　上世纪70年代初，日本前首相田中角荣、前外相大平正芳来我国访问，周恩来总理将昌化鸡血石对章，作为国礼馈赠两位贵宾。操刀奏石者是集云阁篆刻家沈受觉、刘友石先生。于是，鸡血石在日本名声大噪，掀起了一股收藏鸡血石热潮。大批日本游客来华时，必将鸡血石作为首选礼品带回。在我国，国人对鸡血石的收藏投资热情也逐年上升。

Chicken blood stone identification

Because chicken blood stone resources are depleting, yield less and less, the price rising. Driven by high profits, soapstone processing and imitation have appeared, a common approach is as follows:
Filling treatment is to use glue or resin or cinnabar red pigment powder to fill in cracks or pits, coated with resin after drying.
Surface was waxy or oil sheen, hot needle fusible, showing "blood" single color, multi-distribution along fissures or pits, dye particles of amorphous, floating on the gel.
Film processing is cinnabar red pigment powder or mixed with glue, applied to the surface in order to increase the "blood" color. Visible "blood" color floating in the transparent layer, occasionally brushing traces.
Mosaic, mosaic processing is to have blood Bloodstone sheet with glue mosaic inlaid in parts of soapstone without blood, and make carved or polished. This Soapstone texture pattern and blood-shaped distribution toward unnatural, not continuous, careful observation of junction visible stitching, mosaic traces.
Bloodstone is synthetic imitation firearms soapstone powder or colorless material, coupled with cinnabar red pigment powder or glued repression.
The differential method is to carefully observe the structural features, such as ground color Shen tone. Almost opaque. Shaped distribution of blood abnormalities. Density characteristics are also different, touch a warm feeling and so on.

雞血石之六 (Chicken blood stone example 6)

鸡血石价值的判断

鸡血石经济价值很高，国内外均享有盛誉。

鸡血石

首先看血，以血多而浓、色艳、形美为位。如印石血色全而红为上品，称为“大红袍”；四面红次之；顶脚红、单面红、局部红更次之。

其次看质地

质地一般由颜色、透明度、光泽、硬度决定。通常有冻地、钦地、刚地、硬地之分。其中以冻地最佳，它有白、粉、黄、灰、绿、黑等颜色，而又以色自如玉、纯净剔透的羊脂陈地为最上品。 　　鸡血石以色匀、透明度高、硬度低、质细腻为好。

瑕疵

照疵直接影响鸡血石的品质，以杂质、裂结少为好。

Chicken blood stone value judgments

Chicken bloodstone high economic value, are well-known at home and abroad.



Bloodstone
     First look at the blood, with blood many and thick, colorful, shaped the United States for a bit. If printed full color and red stone for the top grade, known as the "Big Red"; surrounded by red, followed by; top foot red, single-sided red, local red more times.
Second, look at the texture
     General texture of the color, transparency, gloss, hardness determined. Usually frozen ground, Chin, the just, the hard of points. Among the best frozen ground, it has a white, pink, yellow, gray, green, black and other colors, but in color from jade, carved pure suet Chen for the top grade. Bloodstone with uniform color, high transparency, low hardness, fine and smooth as well.
Defect
     Blood stone according to directly affect the quality of the defect, an impurity, crack junction small as well.

雞血石之五(Chicken blood stone example 5)

鸡血石是中国“国石”和“印石三宝”之一，并享有“印石皇后”的美称，主要用作印章和工艺雕刻品，有雅俗共赏的品格、丰富的文化内涵和诱人的艺术魅力，在玉雕工艺中形成了“鸡血” ,雕独特流派，其作品以“瑰丽、精巧、高雅、多姿”著称。毛泽东、周恩来都留将鸡血石选为国礼赠送外宾‘、鸡血石的基本特征鸡血石的矿物组分为地开石、高蛤石、叶蜡石、辰砂及少量的赤铁矿和石英。由“地”和“血”两个部分组成，“地”常呈白色、灰白、灰黄白、灰黄、褐黄等色，“血”呈鲜红、朱红、暗色等红色，6辰砂的颜色、含量、粒度及分布状态决定，氧化后会变黑。硬度2—3，非均质集合体，相对密度2.53—2.68。折射率“地”约1.56（点测法），“血”大于1.81。放大检查可见“血”呈微细粒或细粒状，成片或零星分布于“地”中。
按产地分昌化鸡血石和巴林鸡血石。
 

鸡血石有“南血北地”之说。“南血”是指南方产的昌化鸡血石指北方产的巴林鸡血石，质地细腻湿润，极少硬块（钉），易于雕刻。
此外，昌化鸡血石中的鸡血与周围非鸡血颜色往往绝然分开，血形分布具明显的方向性，高档品血聚集程度高。而巴林鸡血石中的鸡血与周围非鸡血部分颜色往往逐渐过渡，血不具方向性，血形比较分散，巴林鸡血石见光后颜色常变为暗红色。昌化鸡血石中经常有石英斑晶，俗称钉；而巴林鸡血石中无石英斑晶。

Chicken bloodstone is the Chinese "National Stone" and "Indian Stone Sambo" one, and enjoy the "Indian Stone Queen" reputation, mainly for seals and craft carvings, there are tastes of character, rich culture and artistic charm seductive in jade carving in forming a "chicken", carved a unique genre, his work as "magnificent, delicate, elegant, and colorful," said. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and are left will be selected as country gifts soapstone foreigners', the basic characteristics of Bloodstone Bloodstone mineral group was divided into dickite, high clams stone, pyrophyllite, cinnabar and a small amount of hematite and quartz. From the "land" and "blood" of two parts, "ground" often has white, gray, gray and yellow white, gray and yellow, brown and yellow colors, "blood" was bright red, scarlet, dark red, etc., 6 cinnabar colors, content, particle size and distribution decisions, oxidation will be black. Hardness 2-3, heterogeneous collection, the relative density of 2.53-2.68. Refractive index "ground" about 1.56 (point measure), "Blood" is greater than 1.81. Enlarge examination showed "blood" was micro-fine or fine granular, sheets or scattered in "ground" in the.
By origin and Bahrain Bloodstone Bloodstone.

Chicken blood stone has "South blood North," said. "Southern Blood" is a guide side produced Bloodstone Bloodstone refers to the northern production Bahrain, moist, delicate texture, and very few lumps (nails), easy carving.
In addition, Bloodstone around the chicken and non-chicken colors are often radically separated from blood-shaped distribution with a clear direction, a high degree of aggregation of blood luxury goods. The Bahrain Soapstone around the chicken and chicken parts non-color is often a gradual transition, the blood is not directional, blood-shaped scattered, Bahrain Soapstone often see the light into a dark red color. Bloodstone is often quartz phenocrysts, commonly known as nail; while Bahrain Soapstone no quartz phenocrysts.

雞血石之四 (Chicken blood stone example 4)

雞血石以其天然如雞血紅艷血色為名，與青田石、壽山石並稱印章石三寶，受害的「三妹典藏」藝術館總經理潘善強說，雞血石上顯現的「雞血」，是俗稱「硃砂」的硫化汞滲透到高岭石內而形成，硬度為二到三度，所以用指甲在雞血石上刮，會刮出石粉，坊間常見以樹脂冒充的假雞血石則硬度高，無法刮出石粉，且手握沒有石質的冰涼感。 雞血石的價格，依雞血的含量、顏色、血形、濃度而定，據他所知，曾有1顆質地好、重約4公斤的雞血石原石，在業界喊價到3億元。 目前市場上人工處理或假雞血不少，常見以拼接、鑲嵌、塗繪、上膠及再造雞血石為主，拼接鑲嵌是用碎雞血石去鑲嵌，仔細觀察即可看見拼接痕跡；塗繪上膠多以硃砂或大紅水彩與樹脂為原料，塗繪在血色少的雞血石或無血色的石上，以假血仿造真血，以顯微鏡放大觀察可見膠黏劑中的氣泡；再造雞血石則是將塊度較小的雞血原料粉碎成細小的粒度，再將紅色染料與膠黏劑均勻混合，固化後做成塊狀體再加工成各種形狀。 雞血石在台不普及，變賣流通不容易，銀樓當鋪也少經手。 Chicken blood stone, Qingtian stone and Shoushan stone are the 3 collectors stone. Bloodstone appeared on a" chicken ", is commonly known as" cinnabar "mercuric sulfide penetrate into kaolinite formed within, the hardness of two to three degrees, so with a fingernail scratch on the soapstone will scrapings powder, printing with resin posing as fake common heliotrope is high hardness, not scraped powder, and holding no stony cold feeling. Bloodstone price, according to the content of chicken, color, blood type, concentration, to his knowledge, had a good texture, weighing about 4 kg of soapstone original stone in the industry outcry to 300 million yuan. Currently on the market a lot of manual handling or fake chicken, common to mosaic, mosaic, paint, glue and recycled soapstone mainly mosaic inlaid with mosaic pieces soapstone go, you can see the stitching carefully observed traces; painted on the plastic mostly vermilion or red watercolor and resin raw materials, painted in the color of soapstone or no less bloody stone, imitation true Blood in fake blood, observed under a microscope magnification bubbles in the adhesive; recycled soapstone sucked fragmentation chicken smaller particle size material is comminuted into small, then the red dye and the adhesive uniformly mixed and then cured to make the lump processed into various shapes.

國畫藝術之四 (Chinese painting art example 4)

Chien Shuan ( 錢選 ) ca. 1235 - before 1307 (Pinyin: Qian Xuan)

Chien Shuan was one of a group of poets and cultivated scholars active in the late Sung Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty known as the Eight Talents of Wuxing. A renowned flower and bird painter, he was also good at painting landscape and figures. He often used heavy mineral pigments with line-and-color-wash technique in his "blue-and-green" landscape style.

雞血石之三 (Chicken blood stone example 3)

產於浙江省昌化上溪鄉的田黃裏，發現了田黃和雞血石共生的獨石。原石的外表細滑圓潤，雞血的顏色鮮艷亮麗。

其生成的源由是古時候昌化雞血石因造山運動的變化，大小不等的毛料滾入了水田裏，礦石內的元素，在水份，溫度及土壤等因素的影響之下，長期浸潤，漸漸地形成獨特的〝田黃雞血石

尊貴的〝石中之王〞與嬌艷的〝石中之后〞共生而成的田黃雞血石，真可謂是稀世珍寶。流入市面上的數量非常稀少因其非常珍貴，所以大多保留原形。以質地透靈，血色鮮活為上品。

如切割成印章，以〝方〞，〝正〞，〝大〞為難得。加上工藝師巧手設計而成的雕飾品亦屬難能可貴之收藏品。  

Produced in Zhejiang Changhua Township on the Tianhuang, found a symbiotic Tianhuang and soapstone monolith. Original stone exterior smooth mellow, chicken's bright colors bright.

Its source is generated due to the ancient times Bloodstone orogeny changes, ranging in size wool rolled into paddy fields, ore element in moisture, temperature and soil under the influence of factors such as long-term infiltration, gradually formed a unique "Tianhuang Bloodstone

Distinguished "stone of the King" and the blooming of the "stone after" symbiosis made ​​Tianhuang heliotrope, turns out to be a rare treasure. Provided the market is very rare because of the number of very precious, so most keep the original form. Through the Spirit in texture, color fresh for the top grade.

Such as cut seals in order to "party", "positive", "big" is rare. Plus designed by skilled craftsmen carved jewelry is also valuable in the collection. 

雞血石之二 (Chicken blood stone example 2)

在中國文物中，印材一直是受到文人雅士喜愛的主題之一，而在印材中最特殊的應該是產於浙江昌化的雞血石，因為雞血石並不像其他印材講究繁複的雕工，反而特別重視血色和質地自然肌裡紋路的配合，從而產生趣味，因而麗質天生的條件在眾多印材中出類拔萃，而非一般工藝品。

aaaa雞血石發現於中國明代（公元1368年）至今已有六百年的光景，於清代乾隆間（公元1736年至1795年）以後更被王宮貴族重視，除了雕刻工藝品外，又將它切磨成印章，作為皇宮、王府貴重珍藏品。據清道光三年（公元1823）年所修（昌化縣志）記載：雞血石中有紅點如硃砂、質地亦有青紫如玳瑁者為上品，良可愛玩難得罕見矣。

產地：浙江省臨安縣昌化鎮玉岩山。 石名：雞血石（印石之后） 質地：硃砂與葉腊石共生的天然凍石（歸屬半寶石）。紅色成分：硃砂、血形有片血、條血、硃砂點血。 
質地成分：葉腊石是形成凍石的主要元素，可產生各種色彩。

Relics in China and India has been the subject material literati favorite themes, and in the most special printed material should be produced in Zhejiang Changhua Bloodstone, Bloodstone because unlike other printed material exquisite carving complex, but special attention color and texture of natural muscle co-ordination in the lines, resulting in fun, and thus the conditions of natural beauty excel in numerous printed materials, rather than general crafts.

aaaa soapstone found in the Chinese Ming Dynasty (AD 1368) has been six century ago, Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1736-1795) was aristocratic palace after more attention, in addition to carving crafts, but again it is Cutting into the chop, as the Royal Palace, the palace precious treasures. According to the Qing dynasty three years (AD 1823) year of repair (Changhua County) records: Bloodstone has red spots such as cinnabar, texture also bruising as hawksbill for the top grade, good playing pretty rare rare carry on.

Place of Origin: Zhejiang Lin'an County, Changhua Town, Yu Tor.
Stone Name: Bloodstone (OVL after)
Texture: cinnabar and pyrophyllite symbiotic Natural steatite (vesting semi-precious stones).
Red component: cinnabar, a blood-shaped piece of blood, of blood, cinnabar some blood.
Texture Composition: pyrophyllite is the formation of the main elements of steatite, can produce a variety of colors.